Four types of soils have been singled out in the Arboretum: brown carbonate soils, humic red soils, black soils and absolutely skeletal saline soils. The brown carbonate soils cover most of the Arboretum and are developed on flysch, hard limestones and to a very small extent on tufa. Humic redheads are distributed in two limited areas in the western part of the Arboretum. They develop on hard limestones and in accordance with the structure, the skeletal and skeletoid types differ. Black soil is formed by natural humization on the slope of the cliff above the sea, and anthropogenic black soil is formed by long and intensive cultivation and fertilization of the soil. Absolutely skeletal and salinized soils, like a very narrow rocky belt, stretch along the coast just above sea level, and include the littoral and supralitoral on which very sparse halophilous vegetation of coastal reefs has developed.
